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Features
* DC/DC Step-up Converter (BOOST) 3.3V to 5.2V, 1A, up to 90% Efficiency. Can be Used
as BUCK/BOOST in SEPIC Configuration
* DC/DC Step-down (BUCK) Synchronous Converter 0.9V to 3.4V, 500mA, up to 90%
Efficiency, Pulse Skipping Capabilities for High Efficiency at Light Load Currents
* Two Low-Drop-Out Regulators 1.3V, 1.5V to 1.8V, 2.5V to 2.8V (100 mV Step), 3.3V,
200 mA Maximum Load
* Ultra-low Power Real-time Clock (RTC) and Backup Battery Management
- 2.6V RTC LDO for Backup Battery Charging - 32 kHz Crystal RTC Oscillator (1 A) - RTC Circuit for Time and Date Information Activation of the Power Management Modules via Dedicated Enable Pin Automatic Start-up Sequences, POK Signal Indicating When Start-up is Completed Activation and Control of the Power Management Modules in Dynamic Mode (via SPI or TWI) or in Static Mode (On/Off of the Four Power Supplies) ITB Signal Indicating Short-circuits in DC/DC Converters Very Low Quiescent Current Minimum External Components Count Supply: from 2.8V to 5.25V (typ: Li-Ion Battery 3V to 4.2V) Available in a 32-pin 5x5 QFN Package Applications Include: - WLAN Portable Devices - Multimedia Devices - Portable Music Players
* * * * * * * * *
Power Management and Analog Companions (PMAAC) AT73C224-A AT73C224-B AT73C224-C AT73C224-D AT73C224-E AT73C224-F AT73C224-G AT73C224-H 4x Channels Power Supply: DC/DC BOOST DC/DC BUCK . 2x LDOs RTC
6266A-PMAAC-08-Sep-08
1. Description
The AT73C224-x is a family of ultra low cost Power Management Unit, available in a small outline QFN 5x5mm package. The AT73C224-x family is optimized for portable applications, typically powered by a Li-Ion battery. The AT73C224-x device is also suitable to operate from a standard 3.3V to 5.25V voltage rail. It includes four power supplies and a very low power Realtime Clock (RTC). In normal mode (main battery present), the backup battery is recharged through a 2.6V RTC LDO. The AT73C224-x series offer different automatic start-up sequences (with varying orders of power-on and specific default output values) and different soft management modes: dynamic (via SPI or TWI) with register access or static, with access to power on/off of the four power supplies. Each AT73C224-x device is equipped with a very low power bandgap reference, low power 32 kHz and 1 MHz oscillators and an internal LDO used to generate the internal supply (VINT) equal to 2.8V. Auxiliary cells, such as a power-on reset (POR) and a voltage monitor are used to control the system power-on (battery plugged in) and power-off (battery unplugged). The four power supplies are named: BOOST1, BUCK2, LDO3 and LDO4. Table 1-1 lists the different devices available in the AT73C224-x series.
For more details concerning the Automatic start-up sequences, see Section 5.2. For more details concerning the Management Modes, see Section 5.3. . Table 1-1.
Part Number
AT73C224-x device series
Automatic Start-up Sequence Management Mode Order of power-on and output default values. 1 - BUCK2= 1.8V 2 - LDO4 = 2.8V 3 - LDO3 = 2.7V 1 - BUCK2 = 1.2V 2 - LDO4 = 1.8V 3 - LDO3 = 1.8V 1 - LDO4 = 2.8V 2 - BUCK2 = 1.8V 3 - LDO3 = 2.7V 1 - LDO4 = 1.8V 2 - BUCK2 = 1.2V 3 - LDO3 = 1.8V 1 - BOOST11 = 5.2V 2 - LDO4 = 3.3V 3 - LDO3 = 3V 1 - BUCK2 = 1.8V 2 - LDO4 = 2.8V 3 - LDO3 = 2.7V 1 - LDO4 = 2.8V 2 - BUCK2= 1.8V 3- LDO3 = 2.7V 1 - BOOST1 = 5.2V 2 - LDO4 = 3.3V 3 - LDO3 = 3V Dynamic Comments
AT73C224-A
BOOST1 can be activated after Start-up sequence by a user command.
AT73C224-B
Dynamic
BOOST1 can be activated after Start-up sequence by a user command.
AT73C224-C
Dynamic
BOOST1 can be activated after Start-up sequence by a user command.
AT73C224-D
Dynamic
BOOST1 can be activated after Start-up sequence by a user command. BUCK2 can be activated after Start-up sequence by a user command. LDO3 & LDO4 are supplied by BOOST1. (See Section 4. "Application examples", Figure 4-3 on page 7: Application Schematic 3.) Same as AT73C224-A.
AT73C224-E
Dynamic
AT73C224-F
Static
AT73C224-G
Static
Same as AT73C224-C.
AT73C224-H
Static
Same as AT73C224-E.
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AT73C224
2. Block Diagram
Figure 2-1. Block Diagram
LDO3 2 1 3 VDD3 VO3 GNDANA VOUT 1.3V 1.5V-1.8V 2.5V-2.8V 3.3V ILOAD 200 mA LDO4 VOUT 1.3V 1.5V-1.8V 2.5V-2.8V 3.3V ILOAD 200 mA POR RTC RTC LDO RTC OSC BUCK2 VOUT 0.9V-3.4V ILOAD 500 mA P SW2 16 VDD1 BOOST1 VOUT 3.3V-5.2V ILOAD 1A VSENSE1 DL1 22 21 20
23 24
VDD4 VO4
VO1
18
10 32 30 31 29
VBAT_LDORTC VBACKUP XOUT XIN CK32 VDD2 9
25 26 27 28 13 14 15
VDDIO D1 D2 D3 D4 POK ITB Digital Interface (TWI / SPI) PMC Status Register
N
GND2 VO2
17 11
GND/AVSS VBG VBG OSC 900kHz
Die Paddle
8
6
VDD0
POR, VMON (Voltage Monitor) LPVBG (Low power VBG)
VINT Regulator
EN 12
VCAPP 4 7
VCAPN 5
VINT
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3. Pinout
Table 3-1.
Pin Name VO3 VDD3 GNDANA VCAPP VINT VDD0 VCAPN VBG VDD2 VBAT_LDORTC VO2 EN D4 POK ITB/RDY SW2 GND2 VO1 DH1 DL1 VSENSE1 VDD1 VDD4 VO4 VDDIO D1 D2 D3 CK32 XOUT XIN VBACKUP GND/AVSS
AT73C224 Pinout
I/O O PS PS I/O PS PS I/O O PS PS I I I O I/O O PS I O O I PS PS O PS I I/O I O I/O I/O O PS Pin # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 Type Analog Power Ground Analog Power Analog Analog Analog Power Power Analog Digital Digital Digital Digital Analog Ground Analog Analog Analog Analog Power Power Analog Digital supply Digital Digital Digital Digital Analog Analog Analog Ground Function LDO3 output voltage LDO3 supply voltage Analog ground Not connected Output of the internal LDO Supply of the internal LDO Not connected Bandgap reference voltage BUCK2 supply voltage LDO_RTC Supply voltage BUCK2 output voltage Enable signal Digital interface Power Ok: indicates when start-up is completed User Interrupt, GPIO and Shutdown control BUCK2 inductor (NMOS switcher output) BUCK2 ground BOOST1 output voltage Not connected BOOST1 NMOS control signal BOOST1 current limitation sense voltage BOOST1 supply voltage LDO4 supply voltage LDO4 output voltage Supply voltage for Digital I/O Digital interface Digital interface Digital interface 32 kHz RTC output clock RTC crystal oscillator output RTC crystal oscillator input Backup Battery and RTC supply Main GND and AVSS ground die paddle connected to ground (mandatory) open drain open drain open drain Ext. 2.2 F capacitor (mandatory) Must be connected to the main battery Internal 100 K pull up Internal 100 K pull up Internal 100 K pull up Must be connected to the main battery (mandatory) Should not be resistively loaded Ext. 470 nF capacitor (mandatory) Must be connected to the main battery (mandatory) Comments Ext. 2.2 F capacitor (mandatory)
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6266A-PMAAC-08-Sep-08
AT73C224
4. Application examples
Figure 4-1. Application Schematic 1: Microcontroller with 5V VBUS for 2 USB Host Transceivers
LDO3 = 2.7V
R2 Rechargeable Backup Battery (NBL type) X1 C11 32 CK32 VBACKUP XOUT XIN uP uP uP D1 VDDIO D3 D2 C12 C4 VBAT C9 (AUX ADC, PLL)
LDO4 = 2.8V
VO4 VDD4 VDD1 R1 D1 L1 VO1 C1 VBAT C6
VDDIO
1 VBAT C3 C8 nc C14 C5 nc C10 VBAT VO3 VDD3
GNDANA VCAPP VINT VDD0 VCAPN VBG VDD2
AT73C224-A
VBAT_LDORTC
VSENSE1 DL1 DH1 VO1 ITB/RDY GND2 SW2 nc Q1
Microcontroller
VO2
POK
EN
D4
BOOST1 = 5V (VBUS USB)
GND/AVSS Die Paddle
USB HOST transceiver
VBAT VBAT C7
VBAT C13
uP uP uP Pushbutton L2
USB HOST transceiver
SCK / TWCK
SDI /Adrress
SDO / TWD
POK ITB/RDY D1
ITB/RDY
C2
C16 RST
D2 D3 D4
In the Application Schematic 1, the AT7373C224-A is used: the BOOST(VO1) supplies the "VBUS" of two USB transceivers, the BUCK(VO2) supplies the digital core of the microcontroller, the LDO3 supplies the I/Os of the microcontroller and LDO4 supplies analog cells, such as auxiliary ADC or PLL. For external components, see Table 4-1.
SCS / GND
3V to 4.2V
Li-Ion Battery
VO2
BUCK2 = 1.8V
SPI / TWI VCORE
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6266A-PMAAC-08-Sep-08
Figure 4-2.
Application Schematic 2: Supply of a Microprocessor and External Analog Cells
BOOST1 = 5V Analog Cells
R2
Rechargeable Backup Battery (NBL type)
X1 C11 32 CK32 VBACKUP XOUT XIN uP uP uP D1 VDDIO D3 D2
VO4 C12 C4
VBAT C9
LDO4 = 1.8V
VO4 VDD4 VDD1 R1 D1 L1 VO1 C1 Q1 nc VBAT C6
VDDIO
1 VBAT C3 C8 nc C14 C5 VBAT nc VO3 VDD3
GNDANA VCAPP VINT VDD0 VCAPN VBG VDD2 C10
VSENSE1
AT73C224-B
VBAT_LDORTC
DL1 DH1 VO1
ITB/RDY
GND2 SW2
BOOST1 = 5V
GND/AVSS Die Paddle
Microcontroller
VO2
VBAT VBAT C7
VBAT C13
uP uP uP BUTTON L2
SCK / TWCK
SDI /Adrress
SDO / TWD
POK ITB/RDY D1
ITB/RDY
C2
C16 RST
D2 D3 D4
In the Application Schematic 2, the AT73C224-B is used: the BOOST (VO1) supplies the "VBUS" of one USB transceiver and supplies also LDO3 and LDO4. The BUCK(VO2) supplies the digital core of the microcontroller and the LDOs supply the I/Os and Analog cells, such as auxiliary ADC or PLL. For external components, see Table 4-1.
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AT73C224
6266A-PMAAC-08-Sep-08
SCS / GND
3V to 4.2V
POK
EN
D4
Li_Ion Battery
VO2
BUCK2 = 1.2V
SPI / TWI VCORE
AT73C224
Figure 4-3. Application Schematic 3: BOOST in SEPIC Configuration (BUCK/BOOST)
BOOST1 = 3.3V Analog Cells
R2 Rechargeable Backup Battery (NBL type) X1 C11 32 CK32 VBACKUP XOUT XIN uP uP uP D1 VDDIO D3 D2 VO4 C12 C4 VBAT C9
LDO4 = 1.8V
VO4 VDD4 VDD1 R1 L1 C15 D1 VO1 C1 Q1 nc L3 VBAT C6
VDDIO
1 VBAT C3 C8 nc C14 C5 VBAT nc VO3 VDD3
GNDANA VCAPP VINT VDD0 VCAPN VBG VDD2 C10
VSENSE1
AT73C224-B
VBAT_LDORTC
DL1 DH1 VO1
ITB/RDY
GND2 SW2
BOOST1 = 3.3V
GND/AVSS Die Paddle
Microcontroller
VO2
VBAT VBAT C7
VBAT C13
uP uP uP BUTTON L2
SCK / TWCK
SDI /Adrress
SDO / TWD
POK ITB/RDY D1
ITB/RDY
C2
C16 RST
D2 D3 D4
In the Application Schematic 3, the BOOST (VO1) is in SEPIC configuration (BUCK/BOOST) and generates a 3.3V output voltage for analog cells. The BUCK (VO2) supplies the core of the microcontroller, and LDO4 supplies the I/Os. Note that, in the SEPIC configuration, the maximum load current on VO1 should not exceed 300 mA. For external components, see Table 4-1.
SCS / GND
3V to 4.2V
POK
EN
D4
Li_Ion Battery
VO2
BUCK2 = 1.2V
SPI / TWI VCORE
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6266A-PMAAC-08-Sep-08
Table 4-1.
C1 C2 C3, C4 C6
External Components
Reference Tantalum TPS Case B Tantalum TPS Case A GRM155R60J225ME15 C1005X5R0J225MT GRM21BR60J226ME39 C2012X5R0J226MT GRM155R60J105KE19 C1005X5R0J105KT GRM155R61A104KA01 C0603X5R0J104KT GRM155R60J474KE18 C1005X5R1A474KT GRM188R60J475KE19 C1608X5R0J475KT GRM188R60J106ME47 C1608X5R0J106MT 744773022 744773068 B82467-G0682-M MBRM120LT1 Si1470DH FX135B-327 LR2010R050J MR-CRG0402J2k2 Manufacturer AVX AVX Murata TDK Murata TDK Murata TDK Murata TDK Murata TDK Murata TDK Murata TDK Wurth(R) Elektronik Wurth Elektronik Epcos(R) On Semiconductor Vishay(R) Fox Welwyn TycoTM Electronics 32.768 kHz 50 m 2 k
(R) (R) (R)
Schematic reference
Value 100 F 33 F 2.2 F 22 F 1 F 100 nF 470 nF 4.7 F 10 F 2.2 H 6.8 H 6.8 H
C5, C7, C8, C9, C11, C13 C10 C12, C14 C15 C16 L1 L1, L3 (in SEPIC config.) L2 D1 Q1 X1 R1 (can be printed on the board (Cu line)) R2
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AT73C224
6266A-PMAAC-08-Sep-08
AT73C224
5. Detailed Description
The AT73C224-x is a family of Power Management Units with four power supplies and an ultra low-power Real-time Clock. By choosing a specific ordering code "x" from A to H, different automatic start-up sequences and management modes can be selected. The start-up sequence includes the order of power-on, as well as the default value of the power supplies (see Section 5.2 "Automatic Start-up Sequences and Shut-down"). The user can afterwards change this default value via SPI or TWI, if the dynamic mode has been chosen (see Section 5.3 "Digital Control and Protocol").
5.1
Core
The core of the AT73C224-x device integrates the following blocks: * Power-On-Reset for the backup battery. * Internal switch and LDO dedicated to the backup battery. The output of the LDO_RTC is set to 2.6V and the switch is on when the main battery higher than 2.8V (charge of the backup battery).See Section 7.7 for electrical details. * Real-Time-Clock digital bloc + 32 kHz oscillator. * Power-On-Reset for the main battery. * Voltage Monitor (VMON) of the main battery. * Digital Power Management Control (PMC) for automatic start-up sequences. Digital output POK indicates when start-up is completed, whereas ITB digital output signal informs the user (typically the microcontroller) of a default in the DC/DCs (short-circuit) or too low main battery value. * TWI and SPI protocol blocs. * DC/DC Step-up converter BOOST1: A 3.3V to 5.2V(100 mV step), 1A, asynchronous DC/DC Step-up Converter available for overall system requirements. The DC/DC can be implemented through proper external components in BUCK/BOOST (SEPIC) configuration. The output voltage can be programmed via the internal registers. BOOST1 is supplied directly by the battery. * DC/DC Step-down converter BUCK2: A 0.9V to 3.4V, 500 mA fully integrated synchronous PWM DC/DC Step-down Converter. The output voltage can be programmed via the internal registers. A Pulse Skipping mode is available in order to improve efficiency at very light load current values. In order to guarantee very low supply voltage functionality, the controller is supplied by the max voltages between the main battery and the output of BOOST1 (VO1). BUCK2 can be directly supplied by the battery or by the output of BOOST1. * LDO3: A 1.3V, 1.5V to 1.8V (100 mV of step), 2.5V to 2.8V (100 mV of step), 3.3V, 200 mA - Low Drop out regulators. The output voltage can be programmed via the internal registers. LDO3 can work with supply from 1.8V up to 5.5V. This LDO can be supplied by the battery, by the output of BOOST1, or by the output of BUCK2. * LDO4: same functionality than LDO3. * Main Bandgap: 1.18V reference voltage. * 900 kHz Oscillator. * Internal LDO (VINT) at 2.8V for internal supply.
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5.2
5.2.1
Automatic Start-up Sequences and Shut-down
Start-up/Wakeup If the backup battery (only) is present, the RTC is running (1.2 A). This mode is called "Backup mode". When the main battery is plugged in and voltage is higher than 2.8V, the LDO_RTC recharges the backup battery through an internal switch (if the main battery is lower than 2.8V, nothing happens, RTC still running). This mode is called "Standby mode". Note that when the battery is plugged in (and higher than 2.8V), a reset of the RTC is performed only if the backup battery was lower than 1.8V. Now, the system waits for wake-up information coming from the pushbutton (EN pin) or an RTC alarm. When one of the previous conditions occurs, the automatic start-up sequence starts (without any external commands). Different automatic start-up sequences can be chosen from the AT73C224-x family (see Figure 5-1 on page 11 and Figure 5-2 on page 12). When the automatic start-up sequence has been completed, the POK signal (which is an open drain signal) goes high, thus implementing a sort of POR for the user (i.e., a microcontroller) and enters into "Normal mode". Note: Power On is controlled by default by an external pushbutton, connected on EN pin (the EN pad has an internal 100 k pull up). A switch can also be used as shown bellow but should be a request from the customer .
EN (Default: Pushbutton)
EN (On request: switch)
5.2.2 Shut-down Static and Dynamic modes are explained in detail in Section 5.3. 5.2.2.1 Static Mode In Static mode, the Power-off condition is an OR between the following conditions: main battery lower than 2.8V or electrical default in the DC/DC (short-circuit). When Power-off condition occurs, POK signal is cleared, then the AT73C224-x device waits for the signal ITB/RDY to shut down all power supplies. 5.2.2.2 Dynamic Mode In Dynamic mode, Power-off condition is an OR between the following conditions: electrical default in the DC/DC (short-circuit) or software shutdown. When main battery lower than 2.8V, an interrupt is generated on signal ITB/RDY. It is the responsibility of the host microcontroller to perform a software shut-down by properly writing the AT73C224-x device registers through the serial interface. After that, the POK signal is cleared, and all is turned off. A check on the pushbutton is then performed to assure that it has been released, thus avoiding continuous on-off-on behavior. The "normal" shutdown is performed by software. Note that the microcontroller has to write the proper register to enable the power off (see Section 6. "Register Tables").
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AT73C224
Figure 5-1 illustrates the complete automatic start-up sequence of the AT73C224-A and AT73C224-F, whereas Figure 5-2 illustrates the automatic start-up sequence of the other AT73C224-x device versions. Figure 5-1.
VBAT POR (internal Vth = 1.6V) VMON (internal Vth = 2.8V)
Start up Sequence of the AT73C224-A and AT73C224-F
EN (Wake-up of the system) (Pushbutton)
30 ms min
VINT (internal supply) PWRGDINT (internal- Vth = 1.6V)
VBG 36 ms typ.
Automatic Start-up Sequence: BUCK2 (Default value: 1.8V) 3ms LDO4 (Default value: 2.8V) 3ms LDO3 (Default value: 2.7V) 3ms 45ms typ POK -> uP (Start-up sequence completed) BOOST1 User Command: . AT73C224-A: Through Dynamic mode (using TWI or SPI) . AT73C224-F: Through Static mode (using D1 pin)
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Figure 5-2.
Automatic Start-up Sequence of all Other Versions of the AT73C224-x Device Series
POK (Automatic Start-up sequence completed)
V
BUCK2 (Default value: 1.2V) LDO4 (Default value: 1.8V) LDO3 (Default value: 1.8V) BOOST1 User Command: . AT73C224-B: Through Dynamic mode (using TWI or SPI) AT73C224-B, AT73C224-G
3ms
3ms
3ms
BUCK2 (Default value: 1.8V) LDO4 (Default value: 2.8V) LDO3 (Default value: 2.7V) BOOST1 User command: . AT73C224-C: Through Dynamic mode (using TWI or SPI) . AT73C224-G: Through Static mode (using D1 pin)
AT73C224-C, AT73C224-H
BUCK2 (Default value: 1.2V) LDO4 (Default value: 1.8V) LDO3 (Default value: 1.8V) BOOST1 User Command: . AT73C224-D: Through Dynamic mode (using TWI or SPI)
AT73C224-D, AT73C224-I
BUCK2 User command: . AT73C224-E: Through Dynamic mode (using TWI or SPI) . AT73C224-H: Through Static mode (using D2 pin) LDO4 (Default value: 3.3V) LDO3 (Default value: 3V)
BOOST1 (Default value: 5.2V)
AT73C224-E, AT73C224-J
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AT73C224
5.3 Digital Control and Protocol
The AT73C224-x family offers a choice of devices in static mode or dynamic mode (see Table 11 on page 2). In dynamic mode, the user can manage the chip via SPI or TWI. The selection between SPI or TWI is done at start-up via the D4 pin (see Section 5.3.2 on page 14). 5.3.1 Static Mode When the AT73C224-x is established in Static Mode, the digital interface signals, D1 to D4, directly drive the enable of the four supplies. During start-up, these enable signals are driven by the internal state machine. To ensure a safe transition between the start-up state and the established state, a handshake protocol must be respected. This transition period is especially important in a microcontroller environment, as the microcontroller controlling the D1-D4 signals may require an unknown period of time to actually drive these pins. In Static Mode, the ITB/RDY pin is configured as an input with controllable pull-up resistor. When the internal state machine completes the supply start-up, it latches the value of ITB/RDY and then sets the POK signal to 1. This means that start-up is accomplished. The state machine then checks for changes on ITB/RDY. If no changes are detected, the control of the four supply channels remains with the state machine. If a change is detected the internal pullup is disconnected and the control is passed on to D1-D4, with the assignment shown in Table 5-2 below.
Table 5-1.
D1-D4 Signal Assignment
Supply Enable Enables BOOST1 Enables BUCK2 Enables LDO3 Enables LDO4
Digital Interface Signal D1 D2 D3 D4
The illustrations in Figure 5-3, Figure 5-5 and Figure 5-5 represent possible static mode scenarios. Figure 5-3. Fully Static Mode
0 or 1 D1 D2 D3 D4 ITB/RDY POK Open or 1 Power OK
Since ITB/RDY is 1 or open (weak internal pullup), the state of each supply channel is determined by the internal state machine (Automatic Start-up sequence and default values for the three power supplies). In this configuration, the 4th power supply is off and can not be used. D1D4 is not considered, but must be valid. The POK signal can be used as a global system reset.
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Figure 5-4.
Configurable Static Mode
0 D1 D2 D3 D4 ITB/RDY POK Power OK 1
The state of each channel is determined by the internal state machine during the start-up sequence. POK is looped back onto ITB/RDY. When this signal changes from 0 to 1 (i.e., the start-up is completed), the control of each supply channel is passed on to D1-D4. This allows changing the output values defined by the state machine. This mode can be used when the 4th channel is needed. Figure 5-5. GPIO (C Controlled)
D1 D2 D3 D4 ITB/RDY POK I/O I/O I/O I/O
C
I/O RST or NMI
When the system is powered, the microcontroller is not necessarily well configured and may be unable to drive D1-D4 correctly. Since ITB/RDY is not actively controlled, its state is an unknown logic level. If ITB/RDY is in hi-Z, the weak internal pullup pulls the level to 1. The power channels are controlled by the internal state machine. After some initialization time, the microcontroller configures its GPIOs to drive D1-D4 as wished. At the end of the software configuration, the microcontroller changes the level of ITB/RDY to 0 in order to get control on the four power channels through D1-D4. 5.3.2 Dynamic Mode For the devices of the AT73C224-x family that work in dynamic mode, supply management can be performed by the SPI or TWI digital interface. Selection between the two digital interfaces is done through D4 pin when the AT73C224-x is enabled. Pin D4 is a digital input pin that features a controllable pull-up resistor with active low control signal. When the AT73C224-x starts, the pullup is disabled until a push button event is detected. The state machine enables the pull-up resistor on D4, waits for a time and then checks back on the value on the pad. * If D4 is high (i.e., the level externally applied on D4 is HZ or logic 1), SPI interface is selected. D4 will become SCS. * If D4 is low (i.e., D4 is externally grounded), TWI interface is selected. D4 is not used. After signal dynamic has been determined the state machine disables the pull-up resistor to save power and the D4 pin can be normally used (if SPI has been selected).
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AT73C224
The selection between SPI versus TWI is performed once, each time the start-up sequence is executed. A timing diagram of the interface selection is shown in Figure 5-6. Care must be taken to leave enough time between the activation of the pullup and the moment when D4 is sampled back. This time is necessary to load the capacitance of the net layout where D4 is connected through the pull-up resistor (100 k typ.). This time is in the order of magnitude of 1 s (10 pF * 100 k), i.e. only a few cycles of the 900 kHz oscillator are needed. Figure 5-6. Dynamic Mode Interface Selection
D4 Hz SPI selected, D4 => SCS
D4 pull-up control signal
dynamic
D4
D4 pull-up control signal
dynamic SCS = Serial Chip Select
TWI selected
Table 5-2.
Digital Signal Interface D1 D2 D3 D4(1) Note:
Digital Interface Selection
SPI Selection Pad I BIDIR I I Signal SCK SDO SDI SCS Direction In Out In In TWI Selection Signal TWCK TWD Select the 7-bit fixed address grounded Direction In I/O In -
1. On D4, I = Input pad with controllable pull-up resistor.
5.3.2.1
SPI Operation When SPI mode is selected, the control interface to the AT73C224-x chip is a 4-wire interface modeled after commonly available microcontroller and serial-peripheral devices. The interface consists of a serial clock (SCK), chip select (SCS), serial data input (SDI) and serial data output (SDO). Data is transferred one byte at a time with each register access consisting of a pair of byte transfers. Figure 5-7 below illustrates read and write operations in SPI mode.
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Figure 5-7.
SCK
SPI Read and Write Operations
SCS
SDI
0
A6
A5
A4
A3
A2
A1
A0 Hz SPI Write
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
SDO
SCK
SCS
SDI
1
A6
A5
A4
A3 Hz
A2
A1
A0
SDO SPI Read
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
The first byte of a pair is the command/address byte. The most significant bit of this byte indicates register read when 1 and register write when 0. The remaining seven bits of the command/address byte indicate the address of the register to be accessed. The second byte of the pair is the data byte. During a read operation, the SDO becomes active and the 8-bit contents of the register are driven out MSB first. The SDO will be in high impedance on either the falling edge of SCK following the LSB or the rising edge of SCS, whichever occurs first. SDI is a don't care during the data portion of read operations. During write operations, data is driven into the AT73C224-x via the SDI pin, MSB first. The SDO pin will remain in high impedance during write operations. Data always transitions with the falling edge of the clock and is latched on the rising edge. The clock should return to a logic high when no transfer is in progress. * Continuous clocking: In normal operation, the SCK should not transition out of byte transfer periods. However, in test mode, the SCK is used as the main clock. This implies that all data transfers must be controlled by the assertion of the SCS pin. * 3-wire operation: SDI and SDO can be treated as two separate lines or wired together if the master is capable of tri-stating its output during the data-byte transfer of a read operation. * SCK vs internal clock rates: It is very likely that the bit rate commanded by SCK will be much higher than the internal clock (900 kHz/64) used to read and write the registers. This implies that a minimal delay between byte transfers must be imposed to allow some time to decode the address and actually access the physical register. It is not acceptable to sample SCK with the internal clock.
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AT73C224
5.3.2.2 TWI Operation The TWI interface allows a microcontroller to proceed to read or write accesses to the internal registers of the AT73C224-x. Unlike the SPI, the TWI operation is based on a standard which defines a data-link layer and an addressing scheme. The TWI implementation used in the AT73C224-x conforms to this standard, with the following restrictions: * slave only * bit rate: 400 kbps max * 7-bit fixed address: the default value is 1001001 (D3 is high). But the external D3 bit can modify it. When D3 is low, the 7-bit fixed address is 1001000. * TWCK is an input pin for the clock * TWD is a bidirectional pin driving (open drain with external resistor connected to VDDIO) or receiving the serial data. The data put on TWD line must be 8 bits long. Data is transferred MSB first. Each byte must be followed by an acknowledgement. Each transfer begins with a Start condition and terminates with a STOP condition. * A high-to-low transition on TWD while TWCK is high defines a START condition. * A low-to-high transition on TWD while TWCK is high defines a STOP condition. Figure 5-8. TWI Start/Stop Condition
TWD
TWCK START STOP
Figure 5-9.
TWD
TWI Protocol
TWCK START Address R/W Ack Data Ack Data Ack STOP
After the host initiates a START condition, it sends the 7-bit slave address, as defined above, to notify the slave device. A Read/Write bit follows (Read = 1, Write = 0). The device acknowledges each received byte. The first byte sent after device address and R/W bit is the address of the device register the host wants to read or write. For a write operation, the data follows the internal address. For a read operation, a repeated START condition needs to be generated followed by a read on the device. Write and Read operations are shown in Figure 5-8 and Figure 5-9.
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The TWI abbreviations are defined below.
S = Start P = Stop W = Write R = Read A = Acknowledge N = Not Acknowledge ADDR = Device Address IADDR = Internal Address
Figure 5-10. Write Operation
TWD S ADDR W A IADDR A DATA A P
Figure 5-11. Read Operation
TWD S ADDR W A IADDR A S ADDR R A DATA N P
5.3.3
Interrupt Controller In dynamic mode, the ITB/RDY pin is an output and operates as an interrupt to an external microcontroller. The output logic is active low (a 0 level means interrupt). Several sources can potentially trigger an interrupt: * the RTC, when a real-time alarm event occurs (see Section 7.8 "Real-time Clock (RTC)" for more details) * the push-button, when its state changes * the power monitor, when it detects a failure or main battery lower than 2.7V * the boost, when it detects a failure * the buck, when it detects a failure Each of these sources can be individually masked to disable the corresponding interrupt. All the interrupt logic can also be globally disabled when the microcontroller needs to enter an uninterruptible state. The interrupt enable/disable logic is controlled through two independent registers. Refer to Section 6. "Register Tables" for detailed register and bit assignment. IRQ_EN is used to enable the interrupts, while IRQ_DIS is used to disable the interrupts. This strategy allows the controlling software to handle the interrupt mask completely independently for each interrupt source while avoiding read-modify-write operations. The register IRQ_MSK can be read to know the current interrupt mask. The sequence shown below in Table 5-3 shows an example of interrupt masking/unmasking.
Table 5-3.
Action Reset
Interrupt Masking/Unmasking
What it Does Disables all interrupts individually and globally. Enables the RTC interrupt and the power failure interrupt individually. The interrupts are still globally masked, no interrupt can be triggered yet. Nothing happens, only bits set at one have an effect. Enables the interrupts globally. The ITB pin will toggle to 0 if either the RTC or the power monitor requests an interrupt. Disables the RTC interrupt. The power failure interrupt remains active. Contents of IRQ_MSK 00000000 00000101 00000101 10000101 10000100
Write 00000101 in IRQ_EN Write 00000000 in IRQ_EN Write 10000000 in IRQ_EN Write 00000001 in IRQ_DIS
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Once the interrupt request is active on the ITB/RDY pin, the microcontroller has to handle it. To determine the reason for being interrupted, it reads the interrupt status register IRQ_STA (this action resets ITB/RDY). In this register, each potential interrupt source has a bit which indicates if it is responsible for triggering the request. Once the source is identified, the microcontroller performs the handling routine in an applicationdependant manner. It then needs to acknowledge the interrupt source to avoid being interrupted again for the same reason.
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6. Register Tables
Default values appear beneath the bit fields in the register description tables that follow.
6.1
System Registers
6.1.1 7-bit Fixed Address for TWI Register Name: TWIADDR Access Type: Read-only Address: 0x01
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
ALT 1
1
0
0
ADDR 1
0
0
1
* ADDR: Reads the TWI address currently in use. This field can be used to check the connectivity of the TWI, or to identify the AT73C224-x device. When ALT bit is 0, ADDR contains the alternate address (0x48). When ALT is 1, ADDR contains the default address (0x49). * ALT: Indicates if the TWI address is the default or the alternate. 0: the default address is selected. 1: the alternate address is selected. The reset value depends on the configuration of the fuses. When the fuses are blank, the reset value is 0 (manufacturing default). 6.1.2 Button Status Register Register Name: BT_SR Access Type: Read-only Address: 0x02
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
-
-
-
-
-
-
HIGH 0
LOW 0
* Low: 0: the button input has not been seen low. 1: the button input has been seen low. * High: 0: the button input has not been seen high. 1: the button input has been seen high.
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6.1.3 Button Status Clear Command Register Register Name: BT_SCCR Access Type: Write-only Address: 0x03
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
-
-
-
-
-
-
HIGH 0
LOW 0
A minimum of 3 clock cycles of 15 kHz clock must be waited after any write operation before doing a new register access. * Low: 0: no effect. 1: clears LOW in BT_SR. * High: 0: no effect. 1: clears HIGH in BT_SR. 6.1.4 Button Interrupt Enable Register Register Name: BT_IER Access Type: Write-only Address: 0x04
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
-
-
-
-
-
-
HIGH 0
LOW 0
A minimum of 3 clock cycles of 15 kHz clock must be waited after any write operation before doing a new register access. * Low: 0: no effect. 1: the button low interrupt is enabled. * High: 0: no effect. 1: the button high interrupt is enabled.
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6.1.5 Button Interrupt Disable Register Register Name: BT_IDR Access Type: Write-only Address: 0x05
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
-
-
-
-
-
-
HIGH 0
LOW 0
A minimum of 3 clock cycles of 15 kHz clock must be waited after any write operation before doing a new register access. * Low: 0: no effect. 1: the button low interrupt is disabled. * High: 0: no effect. 1: the button high interrupt is disabled. 6.1.6 Button Interrupt Mask Register Register Name: BT_IMR Access Type: Read-only Address: 0x06
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
-
-
-
-
-
-
HIGH 0
LOW 0
* Low: 0: the button low interrupt is disabled. 1: the button low interrupt is enabled. * High: 0: the button low interrupt is disabled. 1: the button low interrupt is enabled. 6.1.7 Software Shutdown Command Register Register Name: SHUTDN Access Type: Write-only Address: 0x07
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
LOW 0
A minimum of 3 clock cycles of 15 kHz clock must be waited after any write operation before doing a new register access. 0: no effect. 1: shutdown the whole chip.
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6.2 PMU Registers
6.2.1 BOOST Command Register Register Name: BST_CLR Access Type: Read/Write Address: 0x10
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
EN(*)
A minimum of 3 clock cycles of 15 kHz clock must be waited after any write operation before doing a new register access. * EN: Writing EN to 1 starts the BOOST/SEPIC converter. Writing En to 0 stops the BOOST/SEPIC converter. (*): Default value depends on the chosen AT73C224-x device (see Section 5.2).
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6.2.2 BOOST Configuration Register Register Name: BST_CFG Access Type: Read/Write Address: 0x11
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
-
-
-
- 1 0
ISHORT 1 1
* ISHORT: Selects the overcurrent threshold. When the external sense resistor is 50 mOhms, the lookup table below applies.
ISHORT 0000b 0001b 0010b 0011b 0100b 0101b 0110b 0111b 1000b 1001b 1010b 1011b 1100b 1101b Threshold (Amps) 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0
At the startup, it is recommended to put 1 Amp over current threshold in order not to generate a reset of the product.
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6.2.3 BOOST Voltage Register Register Name: BST_VOLT Access Type: Read/Write Address: 0x12
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
-
-
VOUT(*)
* VOUT: Selects the output voltage of the regulator following the table below. VOUT should always be higher than VDD1 in BOOS T configuration (Application schematic 1). It can be programmed lower in SEPIC configuration (Application Schematic 2).
VOUT [5:0] 000000 000001 000010 000011 000100 000101 000110 000111 001000 001001 001010 001011 001100 001101 001110 001111 010000 010001 010010 010011 010100 VOUT [V] not permitted not permitted not permitted not permitted not permitted not permitted not permitted not permitted not permitted not permitted not permitted not permitted not permitted not permitted not permitted not permitted not permitted not permitted not permitted not permitted 3.2 VOUT [5:0] 010101 010110 010111 011000 011001 011010 011011 011100 011101 011110 011111 100000 100001 100010 100011 100100 100101 100110 100111 101000 -- VOUT [V] 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.2
(*): Default value depends on the chosen AT73C224-x device (see Section 5.2). The chosen value should always be higher than the supply of the cell (VDD1).
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6.2.4 BUCK2 Control Register Register Name: BCK_CTROL Access Type: Read/Write Address: 0x13
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
-
-
-
-
-
-
BYP
EN(*)
A minimum of 3 clock cycles of 15 kHz clock must be waited after any write operation before doing a new register access. * EN: Writing EN to 1 starts the BUCK converter. Writing EN to 0 stops the BUCK converter. (*): Default value depends on the chosen AT73C224-x device (see Section 5.2). * BYP: Writing BYP to 1 puts the BUCK2 output voltage to VDD2. Writing BYP to 0 configures the BUCK2 in Normal operation (default).
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AT73C224
6.2.5 BUCK2 Configuration Register Register Name: BCK_CFG Access Type: Read/Write Address: 0x14
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
OUTZ 1
SLIM 1
MODE 0 0 1 0
ISHORT 0 0
* ISHORT: Selects the overcurrent threshold. When the external sense resistor is 50 mOhms, the lookup table below applies.
ISHORT 0000b 0001b 0010b 0011b 0100b 0101b 0110b 0111b 1000b 1001b 1010b 1011b 1100b 1101b 1110b 1111b Threshold (Amps) 1.01 1.08 1.15 1.22 1.29 1.36 1.43 1.5 1.57 1.64 1.71 1.78 1.85 1.92 1.99 2.06
* MODE: Selects the PWM pulse skipping mode.
MODE 00 01 10 11 Operation Auto PWM Pulse skipping Pass-through
* SLIM: Selects the power-up mode. 0: current limitation. 1: slow start. 27
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* OUTZ: Defines the state of the voltage output when the converter is off. 0: the output is forced to ground. 1: the output is left floating (Hz).
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6.2.6 BUCK2 Voltage Register Register Name: BCK_VOLT Access Type: Read/Write Address: 0x15
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
-
-
-
VOUT(*)
* VOUT: Selects the output voltage of the regulator following the table below.
VOUT [4:0] 00000 00001 00010 00011 00100 00101 00110 00111 01000 01001 01010 01011 01100 01101 01110 01111
VOUT [V] 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4
VOUT [4:0] 10000 10001 10010 10011 10100 10101 10110 10111 11000 11001 11010 11011 11100 11101 11110 11111
VOUT [V] 1.28 1.42 1.56 1.7 1.86 2.00 2.14 2.29 2.43 2.57 2.71 2.86 3.00 3.14 3.30 3.42
(*): Default value depends on the chosen AT73C224-x device (see Section 5.2).
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6.2.7 LDO3 Control Register Register Name: LDO3_CTRL Access Type: Read/Write Address: 0x16
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
EN(*)
A minimum of 3 clock cycles of 15 kHz clock must be waited after any write operation before doing a new register access. * EN: Writing EN to 1 starts the LDO3 regulator. Writing EN to 0 stops the LDO3 regulator. (*): Default value depends on the chosen AT73C224-x device (see Section 5.2).
6.2.8 LDO3 Configuration Register Register Name: LDO3_CFG Access Type: Read/Write Address: 0x17
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
-
-
-
-
-
MODE 1
OUTZ 1
-
* OUTZ: Defines the state of the voltage output when the regulator is off. 0: the output is forced to ground. 1: the output is left floating (Hz). This bit should be at 1 when LDO is on. * MODE: 0: RF mode, IMAX = 100 mA. 1: Smoother mode, IMAX = 200 mA.
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6.2.9 LDO3 Voltage Register Register Name: LDO3_VOLT Access Type: Read/Write Address: 0x18
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
-
-
-
-
VOUT(*)
* VOUT Selects the output voltage of the regulator following the table below.
VOUT [3:0] 1000 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1001 1010 others VOUT [V] 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 3.3 4.9 -
(*): Default value depends on the chosen AT73C224-x device (see Section 5.2).
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6.2.10 LDO4 Control Register Register Name: LDO4_CTRL Access Type: Read/Write Address: 0x19
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
EN(*)
A minimum of 3 clock cycles of 15 kHz clock must be waited after any write operation before doing a new register access. * EN: Writing EN to 1 starts the LDO4 regulator. Writing EN to 0 stops the LDO4 regulator. (*): Default value depends on the chosen AT73C224-x device (seeSection 5.2).
6.2.11 LDO4 Configuration Register Register Name: LDO4_CFG Access Type: Read/Write Address: 0x1A
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
-
-
-
-
-
MODE 1
OUTZ 1
-
* OUTZ: Defines the state of the voltage output when the regulator is off. 0: the output is forced to ground. 1: the output is left floating (Hz). This bit should be at 1 when LDO is on. * MODE: 0: RF mode, IMAX = 100 mA. 1: Smoother mode, IMAX = 200 mA.
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6.2.12 LDO4 Voltage Register Register Name: LDO4_VOLT Access Type: Read/Write Address: 0x1B
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
-
-
-
- 0 1
VOUT(*) 1 1
* VOUT Selects the output voltage of the regulator following the table below.
VOUT[3:0] 1000 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1001 1010 others
VOUT [V] 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 3.3 4.9 -
(*): Default value depends on the chosen AT73C224-x device (see Section 5.2).
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6.2.13 PMU Status Register Register Name: PMU_SR Access Type: Read-only Address: 0x1C
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
- 0
- 0
PF2 0
PG2 0
- 0
PF1 0
PG1 0
SHORT1 0
* SHORT1: 0: no overcurrent condition. 1: an overcurrent condition has been detected on the BOOST/SEPIC1 converter. * PG1: 0: no power good condition on BOOST/SEPIC1. 1: the power good condition has been met on BOOST/SEPIC1. * PF1: 0: no power failure condition on BOOST/SEPIC1. 1: the power failure condition has been met on BOOST/SEPIC1. * PG2: 0: no power good condition on BUCK2. 1: the power good condition has been met on BUCK2. * PF2: 0: no power failure condition on BUCK2. 1: the power failure condition has been met on BUCK2.
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6.2.14 PMU Status Clear Command Register Register Name: PMU_SCCR Access Type: Write-only Address: 0x1D
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
-
-
PF2 -
PG2 -
-
PF1 -
PG1 -
SHORT1 -
A minimum of 3 clock cycles of 15 kHz clock must be waited after any write operation before doing a new register access. * SHORT1: 0: no effect. 1: clears SHORT1 in the PMU_SR. * PG1: 0: no power good condition on BOOST/SEPIC1. 1: clears PG1 in the PMU_SR. * PF1: 0: no effect. 1: clears PF1 in the PMU_SR. * PG2: 0: no effect. 1: clears PG2 in the PMU_SR. * PF2: 0: no effect. 1: clears PF2 in the PMU_SR.
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6.2.15 PMU Interrupt Enable Register Register Name: PMU_IER Access Type: Write-only Address: 0x1E
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
- -
- -
PF2 0
PG2 0
- -
PF1 0
PG1 0
SHORT1 0
A minimum of 3 clock cycles of 15 kHz clock must be waited after any write operation before doing a new register access. * SHORT1: 0: no effect. 1: the overcurrent detection interrupt on BOOST/SEPIC1 is enabled. * PG1: 0: no effect. 1: the power good interrupt of BOOST/SEPIC1 is enabled. * PF1: 0: no effect. 1: the power fail interrupt of BOOST/SEPIC1 is enabled. * PG2: 0: no effect. 1: the power good interrupt of BUCK2 is enabled. * PF2: 0: no effect. 1: the power fail interrupt of BUCK2 is enabled.
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6.2.16 PMU Interrupt Disable Register Register Name: PMU_IDR Access Type: Write-only Address: 0x1F
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
-
-
PF2 -
PG2 -
-
PF1 -
PG1 -
SHORT1 -
A minimum of 3 clock cycles of 15 kHz clock must be waited after any write operation before doing a new register access. * SHORT1: 0: no effect. 1: the overcurrent detection interrupt on BOOST/SEPIC1 is disabled. * PG1: 0: no effect. 1: the power good interrupt of BOOST/SEPIC1 is disabled. * PF1: 0: no effect. 1: the power fail interrupt of BOOST/SEPIC1 is disabled. * PG2: 0: no effect. 1: the power good interrupt of BUCK2 is disabled. * PF2: 0: no effect. 1: the power fail interrupt of BUCK2 is disabled.
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6.2.17 PMU Interrupt Mask Register Register Name: PMU_IMR Access Type: Read-only Address: 0x20
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
-
-
PF2 0
PG2 0
-
PF1 0
PG1 0
SHORT1 0
A minimum of 3 clock cycles of 15 kHz clock must be waited after any read operation before doing a new register access. * SHORT1: 0: the overcurrent detection interrupt on BOOST/SEPIC1 is disabled. 1: the overcurrent detection interrupt on BOOST/SEPIC1 is enabled. * PG1: 0: the power good interrupt of BOOST/SEPIC1 is disabled. 1: the power good interrupt of BOOST/SEPIC1 is enabled. * PF1: 0: the power fail interrupt of BOOST/SEPIC1 is disabled. 1: the power fail interrupt of BOOST/SEPIC1 is enabled. * PG2: 0: the power good interrupt of BUCK2 is disabled. 1: the power good interrupt of BUCK2 is enabled. * PF2: 0: the power fail interrupt of BUCK2 is disabled. 1: the power fail interrupt of BUCK2 is enabled.
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6.3 Interrupt Registers
6.3.1 Interrupt Enable Register Register Name: IRQ_EN Access Type: Write-only Address: 0x30
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
ALL -
-
DC2 -
DC1 -
-
PWR -
PB -
RTC -
A minimum of 3 clock cycles of 15 kHz clock must be waited after any write operation before doing a new register access. * RTC: Enables the RTC interrupt when written to 1. Writing 0 has no effect. * PB: Enables the push-button interrupt when written to 1. Writing 0 has no effect. * PWR: Enables the power failure interrupt when written to 1. Writing 0 has no effect * DC1: Enables the BOOST/SEPIC1 interrupt when written to 1. Writing 0 has no effect. * DC2: Enables the BUCK2 interrupt when written to 1. Writing 0 has no effect. * ALL: Writing to 1 globally enables all the interrupt sources that had been previously enabled individually. The interrupt setting for each source is restored. Writing 0 has no effect.
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6266A-PMAAC-08-Sep-08
6.3.2 Interrupt Disable Register Register Name: IRQ_DIS Access Type: Write-only Address: 0x31
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
ALL -
-
DC2 -
DC1 -
-
PWR -
PB -
RTC -
A minimum of 3 clock cycles of 15 kHz clock must be waited after any write operation before doing a new register access. * RTC: Disables the RTC interrupt when written to 1. Writing 0 has no effect. * PB: Disables the push-button interrupt when written to 1. Writing 0 has no effect. * PWR: Disables the power failure interrupt when written to 1. Writing 0 has no effect * DC1: Disables the BOOST/SEPIC1 interrupt when written to 1. Writing 0 has no effect. * DC2: Disables the BUCK2 interrupt when written to 1. Writing 0 has no effect. * ALL: Writing to 1 globally disables all the interrupt sources. The individual setting of each interrupt source is saved. Writing 0 has no effect.
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AT73C224
6.3.3 Interrupt Mask Register Register Name: IRQ_MSK Access Type: Read-only Address: 0x32
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
ALL 0
- 0
DC2 0
DC1 0
- 0
PWR 0
PB 0
RTC 0
This register summarizes the result of the successive interrupt enable/disable commands performed by writing into IRQ_EN/IRQ_DIS. * RTC: 0: the RTC interrupt is masked. 1: the RTC interrupt is unmasked. * PB: 0: the push-button interrupt is masked. 1: the push-button interrupt is unmasked. * PWR: 0: the power failure interrupt is masked. 1: the power failure interrupt is unmasked. * DC1: 0: the BOOST/SEPIC1 interrupt is masked. 1: the BOOST/SEPIC1 interrupt is unmasked. * DC2: 0: the BUCK2 interrupt is masked. 1: the BUCK2 interrupt is unmasked. * ALL: 0: the interrupt sources are globally masked. 1: the interrupt sources are globally unmasked.
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6266A-PMAAC-08-Sep-08
6.3.4 Interrupt Status Register Register Name: IRQ_STA Access Type: Read-only Address: 0x33
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
- 0
- 0
DC2 0
DC1 0
- 0
PWR 0
PB 0
RTC 0
A minimum of 3 clock cycles of 15 kHz clock must be waited after any write operation before doing a new register access. Reading IRQ de-asserts the ITB signal. * RTC: 1: signals a pending interrupt request from the RTC. * PB: 1: signals a pending interrupt request from the push-button. * PWR: 1: signals a pending interrupt request from the power monitor. * DC1: 1: signals a pending interrupt request from the BOOST/SEPIC1. * DC2: 1: signals a pending interrupt request from the BUCK2.
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6.4 RTC Registers
6.4.1 RTC Control Register Register Name: RT_CR Access Type: Read/Write Address: 0x40
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
CALEVSEL 0 0 0
TIMEVSEL 0
-
-
UPDCAL 0
UPDTIM 0
* UPDTIM: Writing 1 requests the RTC to stop the time counter so that it can be safely updated. The time counter is actually stopped only when ACKUPD is set in RTC_SR. Writing 0 restarts the time counter. * UPDCAL: Writing 1 requests the RTC to stop the calendar counter so that it can be safely updated. The calendar counter is actually stopped only when ACKUPD is set in RTC_SR. Writing 0 restarts the calendar counter. * TIMEVSEL: Selects the type of event to cause TIMEV to change in RTC_SR.
00 01 10 11 minute change hour change every day at midnight every day at noon
* CALEVSEL: Selects the type of event to cause CALEV to change in RTC_SR.
00 01 10 11 week change month change year change every Monday every 1st of each month every 1st of January at time 00:00:00 at time 00:00:00 at time 00:00:00
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6.4.2 RTC Reset Register Register Name: RT_RR Access Type: Read/Write Address:
7
0x41
6 5 4 3 2 1 0
RST 0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
RST: RST = 0, Normal Operation RST=1, Reset the RTC
6.4.3 RTC Mode Register Register Name: RT_MR Access Type: Read/Write Address: 0x44
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
HRMOD 0
* HRMOD: 0: 24-hour mode. 1: 12-hour mode.
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AT73C224
The three Time writing registers are only writable concomitantly and must be written in the order as shown below: 1. RT_SEC 2. RT_MIN 3. RT_HOUR 6.4.4 Real-time Second Register Register Name: RT_SEC Access Type: Read/Write Address: 0x48
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
- 0 0 0
SEC 0
0
0
0
* SEC: The range is 0-59 encoded in Binary Coded Decimal (BCD). The lowest four bits encode the units, the higher bits encode the tens. This field must not be written unless the time counter has been stopped. 6.4.5 Real-time Minute Register Register Name: RT_MIN Access Type: Read/Write Address: 0x49
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
- 0 0 0
MIN 0
0
0
0
* MIN The range is 0-59 encoded in BCD. The lowest four bits encode the units, the higher bits encode the tens. This field must not be written unless the time counter has been stopped. 6.4.6 Real-time Hour Register Register Name: RT_HOUR Access Type: Read/Write Address: 0x4A
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
-
AMPM 0
HOUR 0 0 0 0 0 0
* HOUR: Depending on bit AMPM, the range can be 1-12 or 0-23, encoded in BCD. The lowest four bits encode the units, the higher bits encode the tens. This field must not be written unless the time counter has been stopped. * AMPM: This bit controls/reflects the AM/PM indicator in 12-hour mode. 0: AM. 1: PM.
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The four Date writing registers are only writable concomitantly and must be written in the order as shown below: 1. RT_CENT 2. RT_YEAR 3. RT_MONTH 4. RT_DATE 6.4.7 Real-time Century Register Register Name: RT_CENT Access Type: Read/Write Address: 0x4C
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
-
- 0 1 1
CENT 0 0 1
* CENT: The range is 19 - 20, encoded in BCD. The lowest four bits encode the units, the higher bits encode the tens. 6.4.8 Real-time Year Register Register Name: RT_YEAR Access Type: Read/Write Address: 0x4C
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
YEAR 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0
* YEAR: The range is 1 - 12, encoded in BCD. The lowest four bits encode the units, the higher bits encode the tens. 6.4.9 Real-time Month Register Register Name: RT_Month Access Type: Read/Write Address: 0x4E
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
1
DAY 0
0
0
0
MONTH 0
0
1
* MONTH: The range is 1 - 12, encoded in BCD. The lowest four bits encode the units, the higher bits encode the tens. * DAY: The range is 1-7 and represents the day of the week. The relationship between the coding of this field and the actual day of the week, is user-defined. Especially, writing to this bit has no effect on the date counter.
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6.4.10 Real-time Date Register Register Name: RT_DATE Access Type: Read/Write Address: 0x4F
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
1
DAY 0
0
1
1
DATE 0
0
0
* DATE: The range is 1 - 31, encoded in BCD and represents the day of the month. The lowest four bits encode the units, the higher bits encode the tens.
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The three Time Alarm writing registers are only writable concomitantly and must be written in the order as shown below: 1. RT_SECA 2. RT_MINA 3. RT_HOURA 6.4.11 Real-time Second Alarm Register Register Name: RT_SECA Access Type: Read/Write Address: 0x50
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
SECEN 0
0
0
0
SEC 0
0
0
0
* SEC: This field is the alarm field corresponding to the BCD-encoded second counter. * SECEN 0: the second-matching alarm is disabled. 1: the second-matching alarm is enabled.
6.4.12 Real-time Minute Alarm Register Register Name: RT_MINA Access Type: Read/Write Address: 0x51
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
MINEN 0
0
0
0
MIN 0
0
0
0
* MIN: This field is the alarm field corresponding to the BCD-encoded minute counter. * MINEN 0: the minute-matching alarm is disabled. 1: the minute-matching alarm is enabled.
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6.4.13 Real-time Hour Alarm Register Register Name: RT_HOURA Access Type: Read/Write Address: 0x52
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
HOUREN 0
AMPM 0
HOUR 0 0 0 0 0 0
* HOUR: This field is the alarm field corresponding to the BCD-encoded hour counter. * AMPM: This field is the alarm field corresponding to the BCD-encoded hour counter. * HOUREN 0: the hour-matching alarm is disabled. 1: the hour-matching alarm is enabled.
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The two Date Alarm writing registers are only writable concomitantly and must be written in the order as shown below: 1. RT_MONTHA 2. RT_DATEA 6.4.14 Real-time Month Alarm Register Register Name: RT_MONTHA Access Type: Read/Write Address: 0x56
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
MTHEN 0
-
- 0 0
MONTH 0
0
1
* MONTH: This field is the alarm field corresponding to the BCD-encoded month counter. * MTHEN 0: the month-matching alarm is disabled. 1: the month-matching alarm is enabled.
6.4.15 Real-time DATE Alarm Register Register Name: RT_DATEA Access Type: Read/Write Address: 0x56
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
DATEEN 0
- 0 0 0
DATE 0 0 1
* DATE: This field is the alarm field corresponding to the BCD-encoded day of the month counter. * DATEEN: 0: the day of the month-matching alarm is disabled. 1: the day of the month-matching alarm is enabled.
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6.4.16 RTC Status Register Register Name: RTC_SR Access Type: Read-only Address: 0x58
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
-
-
-
CALEV 0
TIMEV 0
SEC 0
ALARM 0
ACKUPD 0
* ACKUPD: 0: time and calendar registers should not be updated. 1: time and calendar can be updated safely (clock stopped). * ALARM: 0: no alarm matching condition occurred. 1: an alarm matching condition occurred. * SEC: 0: no second event has occurred since last clear. 1: at least one second event occurred since last clear. * TIMEV: 0: no time event has occurred since last clear. 1: at least one time event occurred since last clear. The time event is selected by the TIMEVSEL field in RTC_CR and can be any of the following events: minute change, hour change, noon, midnight (day change). * CALEV: 0: no calendar event occurred since last clear. 1: at least one calendar event occurred since last clear. The calendar event is selected in the CALEVSEL field in RTC_CR and can be any of the following events: week change, month change, or year change.
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6.4.17 RTC Status Clear Command Register Register Name: RTC_SCCR Access Type: Write-only Address: 0x5C
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
-
-
-
CALCLR 0
TIMCLR 0
SECCLR 0
ALRCLR 0
ACKCLR 0
* ACKCLR: 0: no effect. 1: clears the ACKUPD bit in RTC_SR. * ALCLR: 0: no effect. 1: clears the ALARM bit RTC_SR. * SECCLR: 0: no effect. 1: clears the SEC bit RTC_SR. * TIMCLR: 0: no effect. 1: clears the TIMEV bit RTC_SR. * CALCR: 0: no effect. 1: clears the CALEV bit RTC_SR.
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6.4.18 RTC Interrupt Enable Register Register Name: RTC_IER Access Type: Write-only Address: 0x60
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
-
-
-
CALEN 0
TIMEN 0
SECEN 0
ALREN 0
ACKEN 0
* ACKEN: 0: no effect. 1: the acknowledge for update interrupt is enabled. * ALREN: 0: no effect. 1: the alarm interrupt is enabled. * SECEN: 0: no effect. 1: the second periodic interrupt is enabled. * TIMEN: 0: no effect. 1: the selected time event interrupt is enabled. * CALEN: 0: no effect. 1: the selected calendar event interrupt is enabled.
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6.4.19 RTC Interrupt Disable Register Register Name: RTC_IDR Access Type: Write-only Address: 0x64
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
-
-
-
CALDIS 0
TIMDIS 0
SECDIS 0
ALRDIS 0
ACKDIS 0
* ACKDIS: 0: no effect. 1: the acknowledge for update interrupt is disabled. * ALRDIS: 0: no effect. 1: the alarm interrupt is disabled. * SECDIS: 0: no effect. 1: the second periodic interrupt is disabled. * TIMDIS: 0: no effect. 1: the selected time event interrupt is disabled. * CALDIS: 0: no effect. 1: the selected calendar event interrupt is disabled.
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6.4.20 RTC Interrupt Mask Register Register Name: RTC_IMR Access Type: Read-only Address: 0x68
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
-
-
-
CAL 0
TIM 0
SEC 0
ALR 0
ACK 0
* ACK: 0: the acknowledge for update interrupt is disabled. 1: the acknowledge for update interrupt is enabled. * ALR: 0: the alarm interrupt is disabled. 1: the alarm interrupt is enabled. * SEC: 0: the second periodic interrupt is disabled. 1: the second periodic interrupt is enabled. * TIM: 0: the selected time event interrupt is disabled. 1: the selected time event interrupt is enabled. * CAL: 0: the selected calendar event interrupt is disabled. 1: the selected calendar event interrupt is enabled.
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6.4.21 RTC Valid Entry Register Register Name: RTC_VER Access Type: Read-only Address: 0x6C
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
-
-
-
-
NVCALA
NVTIMA
NVCAL
NVTIM
* NVTIM: 0: no invalid data has been detected in the time registers. 1: invalid data has been detected. * NVCAL: 0: no invalid data has been detected in the calendar registers. 1: invalid data has been detected. * NVTIMA: 0: no invalid data has been detected in the time alarm registers. 1: invalid data has been detected. * NVCALA: 0: no invalid data has been detected in the calendar alarm registers. 1: invalid data has been detected.
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7. Electrical Characteristics
With external components as listed in Table 4-1, Ta = -40C to 85C typical values are at Ta = 25C (unless otherwise specified).
7.1
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Absolute Maximum Ratings
*NOTICE: Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at these or other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Table 7-1.
Operating Temperature (Industrial).............-40C to + 85C Storage Temperature..................................-55C to + 150C Power Supply Input........................................-0.3V to + 5.5V I/O Input.......................................................... -0.3V to + 5.5V ESD (all pins)-..................................................................2 KV
7.2
Recommended Operating Conditions
Recommended Operating Conditions
Condition Min -40 2.8 Max 85 5.25 Unit C V
Table 7-2.
Parameter
Operating Temperature Power Supply Input
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7.3
Digital I/Os
Digital I/Os are supplied by VDDIO. VDDIO is an input and must be externally connected. .
Table 7-3.
Symbol VDDIO VIL VIH VOL VOH Io Rp
VDDIO Referred Digital I/Os
Parameter Operating Supply Voltage Input Low Level Voltage Input High Level Voltage Output Low Level Voltage Output high Level Voltage Output Current Pull-Up or Pull Down resistance when applicable 90 120 Conditions Min 1.75 -0.3 0.7x VDDIO 0.75x VDDIO 0.25x VDDIO 8 150 Typ 3.6 Max 5.25 0.3x VDDIO VDDIO + 0.3 Unit V V V V V mA k
VDDIO referred pins EN, D1, D3, D4: CMOS inputs. Only VIH and VIL parameters are applicable. VDDIO referred pins POK: CMOS output. Only VOL, VOH parameters are applicable. VDDIO referred pin ITB, D2: CMOS BiDir. All parameters applicable.
7.4
Current Consumption Versus Modes
Quiescent Current in Different Operating Modes
Conditions Typ Battery Current Max N/A
Table 7-4.
Status
Off
No battery is present No Main Battery is present Backup battery present (and charged): . Running: RTC (dig + oscillator 32 kHz) - supply: vbackup pin Main Battery plugged in and higher than 2.8V Backup battery present (and charged) . Power supplies off (BOOST1, BUCK2, LDO3, LDO4) . Running: RTC, LDO_RTC - supply: vbat_ldortc POR, LPBG, VMON - supply: vdd0 pin
N/A
Backup mode
1 A
2 A
Stand by
4A 9A
7A 17A
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7.5 BOOST1: Step-up Converter
BOOST1 Electrical Characteristics
Parameter Operating Supply Voltage Converter Frequency Load Current Output Voltage Output voltage precision Shutdown Current Current Limitation Efficiency at VDD1 = 2.8 V Efficiency at VDD1 = 3.6 V Start-up Time Ripple Voltage Static Line Regulation Static Load Regulation BST_VOLT register (@12) - Step 100 mV VDD1 < VO1 Iload > 100 mA BST_CLR register (@10); EN = 0 BST_CFG register (@11) IO = 1 A, VDD1 = 2.8V, VO1 = 3.3V IO = 1 A, VDD1 = 3.3V, VO1 = 5.2V No load peak-to-peak, IO = 1 A, VO1 = 5.2V Bandwidth = 20 MHz VDD1: 2.8 to 4.2V - IO = 1 A - VO1 = 5.2V VDD1: 3.6V - IO: 100 mA to 900 mA VO1 = 5.2V 0.5 90 85 200 200 200 50 3.2 -10 Conditions Min 2.8 400 Typ 3.6 900 Max 5.25 1400 1 5.2 -10 1 7
(1)
Table 7-5.
Symbol VDD1 Fs IO VO1 Error Isc ILIM 2.8_3.3_1A h3.6_5.2_1A tSTART VO1_5.2V VO1_5.2V VO1_5.2V Note:
Unit V kHz A V % A A % % s mV mV mV
1. Before the BOOST is turned on, it is recommended to establish low current limitation (typic: 1 Amp) to avoid current peak on main supply.
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7.5.1
BOOST1: Typical Characteristics Efficiency BOOST1 - VO1 = 5V -
Figure 7-1.
100 95 90 85
VDD1 = 4.2V VDD1 = 3.6V VDD1 = 3V
80 75 70 65 60 0.01
VDD1 = 2.8V
0.1
1
Iload (A)
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Figure 7-2.
5.32 5.3 5.28 5.26 5.24 5.22 5.2 5.18 5.16 5.14 5.12 5.1 5.08 5.06 5.04 5.02 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Load Regulation BOOST1 - VO1 = 5V -
VDD1 = 4.2V VDD1 = 3.6V
VDD1 = 3V
VDD1 = 2.8V
Iload (A)
The BOOST1 cell can be implemented using proper external components. (See Figure 4-3 "Application Schematic 3: BOOST in SEPIC Configuration (BUCK/BOOST)".)
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7.6
BUCK2: Step-down Converter
Table 7-6.
Symbol VDD2 Fs ILOAD VO2 Error ISC ISTB IMAX IPWM-PSK v TR VDC VDC Note:
BUCK2 Electrical Characteristics
Parameter Operating Supply Voltage Converter Frequency Load Current Output Voltage Output Voltage Precision Shutdown Current Stand-by Current Short Circuit Current PWM - Pulse SKipping Current Threshold Ripple Voltage Rise Time Static Line Regulation Static Load Regulation BCK_CTROL register (@13), EN = 0 BCK_CTROL register (@13), EN = 1, clock not present BCK_CFG register (@14) Automatic mode- VDD2 = 3.6V- VO2 = 1.8V PWM mode Bandgap already started, slow-start power up selected ILOAD = 500 mA, VDD2 from 2.8V to 5V PWM mode 1 mA (VO2 + 0.2V) 0.9(1) -10 1 20 PWM mode Conditions Min 2.8 400 Typ 3.6 900 Max 5.25 1400 0.5 3.4 10 6 50 2 Unit V kHz A V % A A A mA mV ms mV mV
1. for device commanded in Dynamic Mode only. For devices commanded in Static Mode, the minimum voltage is 1.8V.
The BUCK2 is a Pulse Width Modulator (PWM) / Pulse-Skipping (PSK) synchronous regulator that can be used to provide an accurate 0.9V to 3.4V programmable output voltage at 500 mA of maximum load current. Integrated current sensing is used to sense the DC/DC converter load current used for the overcurrent circuit protection and for the PWM / PSK mode selector. By default, the BUCK2 is in Automatic Mode: according to the load current value, the regulator is either in Pulse-Skipping mode (light load) or in PWM mode (high load). In dynamic mode, the user can select PWM or PSK mode, using the bits 4 and 5 of the BCK_CFG register (see Section 6 Register Tables). Note that the Automatic mode should not be used for output voltages below 1.8V.
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7.6.1 BUCK2: Typical Characteristics Efficiency Manual/Automatic Modes
Efficiency VO2 = 0.9V - Manual Mode: PSK/PWM
100 95 90 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0.001
100 95 90 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0.001
Figure 7-3.
Efficiency VO2 = 1.2V - Manual Mode: PSK/PWM
VDD2 = 2.8V
VDD2 = 2.8V VDD2 = 3.6V VDD2 = 4.2V VDD2 = 5V
VDD2 = 3.6V
Efficiency (%)
VDD2 = 5V
Efficiency (%)
VDD2 = 4.2V
VDD2 = 2.8V VDD2 = 3.6V VDD2 = 4.2V VDD2 = 5V
VDD2 = 2.8V VDD2 = 3.6V VDD2 = 4.2V VDD2 = 5V
PWM PSK
PWM PSK
0.01
Iload (A)
0.1
1
0.01
0.1
1
Iload (A)
Efficiency VO2 = 1.8V - Manual Mode: PSK/PWM
100 95 90 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0.001
Efficiency VO2 = 3.3V - Manual Mode: PSK/PWM
100 95 90 85 80
VDD2 = 4.2V VDD2 = 5V
Efficiency (%)
Efficiency (%)
VDD2 = 2.8V VDD2 = 3.6V VDD2 = 4.2V VDD2 = 5V VDD2 = 2.8V VDD2 = 3.6V VDD2 = 4.2V VDD2 = 5V
75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20
0.01 0.1 1
PWM PSK
VDD2 = 4.2V
PWM PSK
VDD2 = 5V
0.01 0.1 1
15 0.001
Iload (A)
Iload (A)
Efficiency VO2 = 1.8V - Automatic Mode
100 95
95 100
Efficiency VO2 = 3.3V - Automatic Mode
90 85
90
Efficiency (%)
80 75 70 65 60 55 50 45
Efficiency (%)
85
VDD2 = 4.2V
80
VDD2 = 2.8V VDD2 = 3.6V VDD2 = 4.2V VDD2 = 5V
VDD2 = 5V
75 70 65 60
0.001
0.01
Iload (A)
0.1
1
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
Iload (A)
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7.6.2
BUCK2: Load Regulation of VO2 Load Regulation
Load Regulation: VO2 = 0.9V (PWM mode) Load Regulation: VO2 = 1.2V (PWM mode)
1.23
Figure 7-4.
0.93
0.92
1.22
VDD2 = 2.8V
0.91
VDD2 = 2.8V VO2 (V)
1.21
VO2 (V)
0.9
1.2
0.89
VDD2 = 3.6V VDD2 = 4.2V VDD2 = 5V
1.19
VDD2 = 3.6V VDD2 = 4.2V
0.88
1.18
0.87
1.17
0.86
1.16
VDD2 = 5.5V
0.85 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5
1.15 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5
I load (A)
I load (A)
Load Regulation: VO2 = 1.8V (PWM Mode)
1.84 3.3
Load Regulation: VO2 = 3.3V (PWM mode)
3.29 1.82
VDD2 = 2.8V
3.28
VDD2 = 4.2V
1.8 3.27
VO2 (V)
VDD2 = 3.6V
1.78
VO2 (V)
3.26
VDD2 = 4.2V
1.76
3.25
3.24 1.74
VDD2 = 5.5V
VDD2 = 5.5V
3.23
1.72 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5
3.22 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5
I load (A)
I load (A)
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7.7 LDO3 & LDO4
LDO3 and LDO4 are low-drop-out voltage regulators that can provide a 1.3V, 1.5V to 1.8V (step 100 mV), 2.5V to 2.8V (100 mV step) or 3.3V output voltage. Two kinds of applications are defined: "RF" mode (high PSRR and low noise) with 100 mA maximum load and "Smoother" mode with 200 mA maximum load. By default, the LDOs are configured in RF mode. If the load is higher than 100 mA, the user should pass into Smoother mode (see the register tables in Section 6.2.8 "LDO3 Configuration Register" and Section 6.2.11 "LDO4 Configuration Register"). An external 2.2 F ceramic capacitor is needed for the stability of each LDO.
Table 7-7.
Symbol VDD3&4 ILOAD_S ILOAD_RF
LDO3 and LDO4 Electrical Characteristics
Parameter Operating Supply Voltage Smoother Load current RF Load current In Smoother mode In RF mode Selection in LDO3_VOLT @ 18 and LDO4_VOLT @ 1B Output Voltage VDD3 > VO3 + 200mV VDD4 > VO4 + 200mV Accuracy Shutdown Current Quiescent Current Rise Time Line Regulation Static Load Regulation Static Output Noise 2.8V < VDD3 < 5.25V, full load 10 mA VO3, VO4
Vo ISC IQQ tR VDC VDC n
PSRR
Power Supply Rejection Ratio
70 65 55 45
dB dB dB dB
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6266A-PMAAC-08-Sep-08
7.7.1
LDO3 and LDO4: Typical Characteristics LDO Load Regulation
Load regulation VO3 = 1.8V
1.771 1.77 1.769
VDD3 = 5V
Figure 7-5.
Load regulation VO3 = 3.3V
3.276 3.275 3.274 3.273 3.272
VDD3 = 3.6V
1.768 1.767
VDD3 = 4.2V VDD3 = 3.6V VDD3 = 2.8V
VO3 (V)
VO3 (V)
VDD3 = 3V
3.271
VDD3 = 4.2V
1.766 1.765 1.764
3.27 3.269 3.268
VDD3 = 5V
3.267
1.763 1.762 1.761 0 0.03 0.06 0.09 0.12 0.15 0.18 (A) 0.21 Iload 0.24 0.27 0.3
3.266 3.265 3.264 0 0.03 0.06 0.09 0.12 0.15 0.18 0.21 0.24 0.27 0.3
Iload (A)
Shown below is VO3 Ripple (same as VO4) in response to a load current pulse from 10 mA to 200 mA.
Channel 2: VO3 = 1.8V and VO3 = 3.3V (50mV/div) Channel 1: Iload = 10 mA - 200 mA (100 mA/div)
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7.8 Real-time Clock (RTC)
The Real-time Clock architecture is shown in Figure 7-6 and is comprised of the following blocks: 2.6V LDO_RTC voltage regulator with backup switch, RTC oscillator and RTC block. 7.8.1 Block Diagram Figure 7-6. RTC Block Diagram
AT73C224-x
VMON
VDD0
VBAT_LDORTC
VDD0 < 2.8V switch open LDO_RTC off LDO RTC 2.6V R2 VBACKUP Recharchable Backup Battery 2.5V (NBL type)
C11
XIN RTC RTC Clock RTC OSC X1 32.768 kHz crystal
XOUT
D0 to D4 Serial Interface
The LDO_RTC is used to charge the backup battery at 2.6V. When the main battery is plugged in, the LDO is enabled and the backup switch is closed, thus charging the battery. If the VBACKUP initial value is lower than the minimum backup voltage admissible (1.8V typical), an active low reset is generated on reset signal. The C11 capacitor is used for LDO compensation while the R2 resistor limits the charge current for the backup battery. The RTC oscillator is suited to work with a 32.768 kHz crystal oscillator and generates the 32.768 kHz clock for the RTC. The RTC block provides seconds, minutes, hours, days, date, month, and year information. RTC time data is stored into a register that can be accessed via the AT73C224-x device serial interface.
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7.8.2
LDO RTC
Table 7-8.
Symbol VBAT_LDORTC VBACKUP IOUT IQQ IBKQQ ISC TS VTH
LDO RTC Electrical Characteristics
Parameter Operating Supply Voltage Output Voltage Load Current Battery Quiescent Current Backup Battery Quiescent Current Shutdown Current Start-up Time Reset Threshold reset is active low 1.8 Vbat_ldortc present Dc load current en = 1 en = 0 3 200 Conditions Min 2.8 2.55 2.6 Typ Max 5.25 2.65 2 5 300 1 1 Unit V V mA A nA A ms V
The LDO_Backup is a low drop out voltage regulator that is used to charge a 2.5V RTC rechargeable backup battery (type NBL621). The max load current is 2 mA. An external 1 F ceramic capacitor (C11) is needed for compensation. 7.8.3 RTC Oscillator
Table 7-9.
Symbol VBACKUP FCK Duty Ton VSIN DRV I ACC RS CMT CSHUNT CLOAD
RTC Oscillator Electrical Characteristics
Parameter Supply voltage Operating frequency Duty cycle Startup time Level sinus wave on xin Drive level Current dissipation ON Accuracy Equivalent series resistance Motional capacitance Shunt capacitance Load capacitance T = 25 C Crystal @ 32.768kHz Crystal @ 32.768kHz Crystal @ 32.768kHz Crystal @ 32.768kHz 1 0.6 6 0.8 2 3 50 3 2 12.5 A mn/month k fF pF pF RS = 50 K RS = 50 K OFF 160 260 40 Conditions Min 1.75 32.768 50 60 900 360 0.1 5 Typ Max 2.65 kHz % ms mVpp W nA Unit
The RTC Oscillator is a low-frequency, 2-Pad, Pierce-type Xtal oscillator, optimized for 32.768 kHz crystal. For operation with 6 pF load capacitance crystals, no external components are needed on "xin" and "xout". It may be necessary to add external capacitors on "xin" and "xout" to ground in special cases, for example, to exactly set the frequency or for crystals with a load capacitance superior to 6 pF. The "clock" output is low during standby. "xin" and "xout" must not be used to drive other circuitry.
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7.9 VINT
One external capacitor (47 0nF) is necessary on VINT pin for functionality of the internal LDO supply. This voltage should not be used by the user.
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8. Package Drawing
Figure 8-1. QFN 32-lead Package Drawing (all dimensions in millimeters)
R-QFN032_H
70
AT73C224
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AT73C224
9. Revision History
Doc. Rev. 6266A
Comments First issue.
Change Request Ref.
71
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72
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AT73C224
Table of Contents
Features ..................................................................................................... 1 1 2 3 4 5 Description ............................................................................................... 1 Block Diagram .......................................................................................... 3 Pinout ........................................................................................................ 4 Application examples .............................................................................. 5 Detailed Description ................................................................................ 9
5.1 5.2 5.3 Core ...................................................................................................................9 Automatic Start-up Sequences and Shut-down ...............................................10 Digital Control and Protocol .............................................................................13
6
Register Tables ...................................................................................... 20
6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 System Registers ............................................................................................20 PMU Registers ................................................................................................23 Interrupt Registers ...........................................................................................39 RTC Registers .................................................................................................43
7
Electrical Characteristics ...................................................................... 57
7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 Absolute Maximum Ratings .............................................................................57 Recommended Operating Conditions .............................................................57 Digital I/Os .......................................................................................................58 Current Consumption Versus Modes ..............................................................58 BOOST1: Step-up Converter ...........................................................................59 BUCK2: Step-down Converter .........................................................................62 LDO3 & LDO4 .................................................................................................65 Real-time Clock (RTC) ....................................................................................67 VINT ................................................................................................................69
8 9
Package Drawing ................................................................................... 70 Revision History ..................................................................................... 71 Table of Contents....................................................................................... i
i
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ii
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Headquarters
Atmel Corporation 2325 Orchard Parkway San Jose, CA 95131 USA Tel: 1(408) 441-0311 Fax: 1(408) 487-2600
International
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Product Contact
Technical Support Web Site pmaac@atmel.com www.atmel.com www.atmel.com/PowerManagement Atmel techincal support Sales Contacts www.atmel.com/contacts/
Literature Requests www.atmel.com/literature
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6266A-PMAAC-08-Sep-08

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